Minggu, 24 Maret 2013

Conditional Sentence


Nama : Shendie Yarry
Kelas  : 4EA15
NPM   : 16209753 
 
Conditional Sentence

Conditional sentence is a complex sentence which consist unreal subordinate clause or hypothetical subordinate clause and main clause for the result consequence.
The conditional sentences are sometimes confusing for learners of English.

Watch out:
1) Which type of the conditional sentences is used?
2) Where is the if-clause (e.g. at the beginning or at the end of the conditional sentence)?

There are three types of the if-clauses.
a.       Conditional Sentence Type 1 - Condition Possible to fullfill
b.      Conditional Sentence Type 2 – Condition in theory Possible to fullfill
c.       Conditional Sentence Type 3 – Condition Not Possible to fullfill (too  late)

A. Conditional Sentence Type 1
It is possible to fulfil a condition which is given in the if-clause.

Form : If Clause (Simple Present) + Main Clause (Will Future or Modal + Infinitive)

-  Examples (if-clause at the beginning)
If i study, i will pass the exam
-  Examples (if-clause in the end)
I will pass the exam, if i study

Example Grammar in Sentences
1) If I study, I will pass the exams.
2) If the sun shines, we will walk to the town
3) If he has a temperature, he will see the doctor.
 4) If my friends come, I will be very happy.
 5) If she earns a lot of money, she will fly to New York.
6) If we travel to London, we will visit the museums.
7) If you wear sandals in the mountains, you will slip on the rocks.
8) If Rita forgets her homework, the teacher will give her a low mark.
9) If they go to the disco, they will listen to loud music.
10) If you wait a minute, I will ask my parents.

B. Conditional Sentence Type 2
It is theoretically possible to fulfil a condition which is given in the if-clause.

Form : If Clause (Simple Past) + Main Clause (Would + Infinitive *)
* We can substitute could or might for would (should, may or must are sometimes possible, too).
e.g :     I would pass the exam
            I could pass the exam
            I might pass the exam
            I may pass the exam
            I should pass the exam

-  Examples (if-clause at the beginning)
If I studied, I would pass the exam.
-  Examples (if-clause in the end)
I would pass the exam, if I studied

Example Grammar in Sentences
1) If I came home earlier, I would prepare dinner.
2) If we lived in Rome, Francesco would visit us.
3) If Tim and Tom were older, they would play in our hockey team.
4) If he was my friend, I would invite him to my birthday party.
5) If Susan studied harder, she would be better at school.
6) If they had enough money, they would buy a new car.
7) If you did a paper round, you would earn a little extra money.
8) If Michael got more pocket money, he would ask Doris out for dinner.
9) If we hurried, we would catch the bus.
10) If it rained, Nina would take an umbrella with her.


C. Conditional Sentence Type 3

It is impossible to fulfil a condition which is given in the if-clause.

Form : If Clause (Past Perfect) + Main Clause (Would + Have + Past Participle  *)
* We can substitute could or might for would (should, may or must are sometimes possible, too).
e.g :     I would pass the exam
            I could pass the exam
            I might pass the exam
            I may pass the exam
            I should pass the exam

-  Examples (if-clause at the beginning)
If I had studied, I would have passed the exam
-  Examples (if-clause in the end)
I would have passed the exam, If I had studied

Example Grammar in Sentences
1) If the weather had been nice, they would have played football.
2) If we had gone to a good restaurant, we would have had a better dinner.
3) If John had learned more words, he would have written a good report.
4) If the boys had taken the bus to school, they would have arrived on time.
5) If the teacher had explained the homework, I would have done it.
6) If they had waited for another 10 minutes, they would have seen the pop star.
7) If the police had come earlier, they would have arrested the burglar.
8) If you had bought fresh green vegetable, your salad would have tasted better.
9) If Alex had asked me, I would have emailed the documents.
10) If he had spoken more slowy, Peggy would have understood him.

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